A kwadebere ụdị nrapado polyurethane ọhụrụ site na iji obere polyacids molecule na obere molecule polyols dị ka ihe ndị bụ isi iji kwadebe prepolymer. N'oge usoro ndọtị agbụ, a na-ewebata polymers hyperbranched na HDI trimers n'ime nhazi polyurethane. Nsonaazụ ule na-egosi na nrapado a kwadebere n'ime ọmụmụ ihe a nwere viscosity kwesịrị ekwesị, ogologo ndụ diski nrapado, nwere ike ịgwọ ngwa ngwa na ụlọ okpomọkụ, ma nwee ezigbo njikọ njikọ, ike mkpuchi okpomọkụ na nkwụsi ike ọkụ.

Nkwakọ ngwaahịa na-agbanwe agbanwe nwere uru nke ọdịdị mara mma, oke ngwa ngwa, njem dị mma, yana ọnụ ahịa nkwakọ ngwaahịa dị ala. Kemgbe iwebata ya, a na-eji ya eme ihe na nri, ọgwụ, kemịkalụ kwa ụbọchị, ngwa eletrọnịkị na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ, ndị na-azụ ahịa hụrụ ya n'anya nke ukwuu. Ọrụ nke nkwakọ ngwaahịa na-agbanwe agbanwe abụghị naanị ihe metụtara ihe nkiri ahụ, kamakwa na-adabere na arụmọrụ nke nrapado ihe mejupụtara. Ihe ntanye polyurethane nwere ọtụtụ uru dị ka ike njikọ dị elu, nhazi siri ike, na ịdị ọcha na nchekwa. Ugbu a ọ bụ isi ihe na-akwado nrapado maka nkwakọ ngwaahịa na-agbanwe agbanwe yana ihe nyocha sitere n'aka ndị na-emepụta ihe nrapado.

Ịka nká dị elu bụ usoro dị mkpa na nkwadebe nke nkwakọ ngwaahịa na-agbanwe agbanwe. Site na ebumnuche amụma mba nke "carbon peak" na "carbon nnọpụiche", nchebe gburugburu ebe obibi ndụ ndụ, mbelata ikuku carbon dị ala, yana oke arụmọrụ na nchekwa ike aghọwo ebumnuche mmepe nke ụdị ndụ niile. Okpomọkụ ịka nká na oge ịka nká nwere mmetụta dị mma na ike peel nke ihe nkiri ahụ mejupụtara. N'ụzọ doro anya, ka okpomọkụ nke ịka nká na-adịwanye elu na ogologo oge ịka nká, na-adị elu nke mmecha mmeghachi omume na mmetụta ọgwụgwọ dị mma. N'ime usoro ngwa mmepụta ihe n'ezie, ọ bụrụ na enwere ike ibelata okpomọkụ nke ịka nká na oge ịka nká, ọ ka mma ka ị ghara ịchọ ịka nká, na ịkebe na akpa nwere ike ime mgbe igwe kwụsịrị. Nke a nwere ike ọ bụghị naanị iru ebumnuche nke nchebe gburugburu ebe obibi akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na mbelata ikuku carbon dị ala, kamakwa chekwaa ọnụ ahịa mmepụta ma melite arụmọrụ mmepụta.

A na-ezube ọmụmụ ihe a iji mepụta ụdị ọhụrụ nke polyurethane adhesive nke nwere viscosity kwesịrị ekwesị na ndụ diski nrapado n'oge mmepụta na ojiji, nwere ike ịgwọ ngwa ngwa n'okpuru ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị ala, ọkacha mma na-enweghị okpomọkụ dị elu, na ọ dịghị emetụta arụmọrụ nke ihe ngosi dị iche iche nke ngwugwu na-agbanwe agbanwe.

1.1 Ihe nnwale Adipic acid, sebacic acid, ethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, diethylene glycol, TDI, HDI trimer, laabu-mere hyperbranched polymer, ethyl acetate, polyethylene film (PE), polyester film (PET), aluminum foil (AL).
1.2 Experimental ngwá Desktop eletriki okpomọkụ ikuku ihicha oven: DHG-9203A, Shanghai Yiheng Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd .; Viscometer ntụgharị: NDJ-79, Shanghai Renhe Keyi Co., Ltd.; Igwe ihe nleba anya nke Universal tensile: XLW, Labthink; Thermogravimetric analyzer: TG209, NETZSCH, Germany; Okpomọkụ akara ule: SKZ1017A, Jinan Qingqiang Electromechanical Co., Ltd.
1.3 Usoro njikọ
1) Nkwadebe nke prepolymer: kpochaa flask nke olu anọ nke ọma wee banye N2 n'ime ya, tinyezie obere polyol molecule a tụrụ atụ na polyacid n'ime flask nke olu anọ wee malite ịmalite. Mgbe okpomọkụ ahụ rutere n'okpomọkụ setịpụrụ na mmepụta mmiri dị nso na mmepụta mmiri nke usoro ihe omume, were ụfọdụ ihe nlele maka nyocha uru acid. Mgbe uru acid bụ ≤20 mg / g, malite nzọụkwụ ọzọ nke mmeghachi omume; tinye 100 × 10-6 metered catalyst, jikọọ oghere ọdụ ọdụ ma malite mgbapụta mgbapụta ahụ, na-achịkwa mmepụta mmanya na-aba n'anya site na ogo agụụ, mgbe mmepụta mmanya n'ezie dị nso na mmepụta mmanya na-edozi ahụ, buru otu ihe nlele maka ule uru hydroxyl, ma kwụsị mmeghachi omume mgbe uru hydroxyl na-ezute ihe a chọrọ. A na-akwakọba ihe prepolymer polyurethane enwetara maka ojiji nọrọ na njikere.
2) Nkwadebe nke ihe mgbaze nke polyurethane dabeere na ihe mgbaze: Tinye a tụrụ atụ polyurethane prepolymer na ethyl ester n'ime flask anọ nwere olu, kpoo ọkụ ma mee ka ọ gbasaa ọbụna, wee gbakwunye TDI a tụrụ atụ n'ime flask anọ nwere olu, na-ekpo ọkụ maka 1.0 h, wee tinye polymer hyperbranched n'ụlọ n'ime ụlọ nyocha, tinye nwayọọ nwayọọ na HD2. Mpempe olu olu anọ, na-ekpo ọkụ maka 2.0 h, were ihe atụ iji nwalee ọdịnaya NCO, dị jụụ ma hapụ ihe maka nkwakọ ngwaahịa mgbe ọdịnaya NCO ruru eru.
3) Dry lamination: Gwakọta ethyl acetate, onye isi na onye na-agwọ ọrịa n'otu akụkụ ma kpalie nke ọma, tinyezie ma kwadebe ihe nlele na igwe laminating akọrọ.

1.4 Njirimara ule
1) Viscosity: Jiri viscometer na-atụgharị ma na-ezo aka na GB/T 2794-1995 Usoro ule maka viscosity nke adhesives;
2) T-peel ike: a nwalere site na iji igwe nyocha ihe nleba anya zuru ụwa ọnụ, na-ezo aka na usoro ule ike nke GB / T 8808-1998;
3) Okpomọkụ akara ike: buru ụzọ jiri ihe nlere ọkụ ọkụ na-eme ka ọ rụọ ọrụ ọkụ ọkụ, wee jiri igwe nyocha ihe nleba anya zuru ụwa ọnụ iji nwalee, na-ezo aka na GB / T 22638.7-2016 usoro ule ike ọkụ ọkụ;
4) Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA): A na-eme ule ahụ site na iji thermogravimetric analyzer na ọkụ ọkụ nke 10 ℃ / min na ule okpomọkụ nke 50 ruo 600 ℃.

2.1 Mgbanwe na viscosity na ịgwakọta oge mmeghachi omume viscosity nke nrapado na ndụ nke diski rọba bụ ihe dị mkpa na-egosi na usoro mmepụta ngwaahịa. Ọ bụrụ na viscosity nke nrapado dị oke elu, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke gluu ga-adị ukwuu, na-emetụta ọdịdị na mkpuchi mkpuchi nke ihe nkiri ahụ mejupụtara; ọ bụrụ na viscosity dị ntakịrị, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke gluu na-etinye ga-adị ntakịrị, na ink enweghị ike ịbanye n'ime ya nke ọma, nke ga-emetụtakwa ọdịdị na njikọ njikọ nke ihe nkiri ahụ mejupụtara. Ọ bụrụ na ndụ nke diski rọba dị mkpụmkpụ, viscosity nke gluu echekwara na tank gluu ga-abawanye ngwa ngwa, a pụghịkwa itinye gluu ahụ nke ọma, na roba roba adịghị mfe ihicha; ọ bụrụ na ndụ nke diski rọba dị ogologo, ọ ga-emetụta ọdịdị mbụ adhesion na arụmọrụ nke ihe mejupụtara, na ọbụna na-emetụta ọnụ ọgụgụ ọgwụgwọ, si otú ahụ na-emetụta mmepụta mmepụta nke ngwaahịa ahụ.

Njikwa viscosity kwesịrị ekwesị na ndụ nke diski nrapado bụ ihe dị mkpa maka iji ezigbo ihe eji eme ihe. Dị ka ahụmahụ mmepụta si kwuo, a na-emezi onye isi, ethyl acetate na onye na-agwọ ọrịa na uru R kwesịrị ekwesị na viscosity, na nrapado na-atụgharị na tankị nrapado na roba roba na-enweghị itinye gluu na fim ahụ. A na-ewere nlele nrapado n'oge dị iche iche maka nyocha viscosity. Viscosity kwesịrị ekwesị, ndụ kwesịrị ekwesị nke diski nrapado, na ọgwụgwọ ngwa ngwa n'okpuru ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị ala bụ ihe mgbaru ọsọ dị mkpa nke adhesives polyurethane dabeere na mgbaze na-agbaso n'oge mmepụta na ojiji.

2.2 Mmetụta nke ịka nká okpomọkụ na ike peel Usoro ịka nká bụ ihe kachasị mkpa, na-ewe oge, ike na-arụ ọrụ na ohere maka nkwakọ ngwaahịa na-agbanwe agbanwe. Ọ bụghị naanị na ọ na-emetụta ọnụ ọgụgụ mmepụta nke ngwaahịa ahụ, ma nke ka mkpa, ọ na-emetụta ọdịdị na njikọta nke nkwakọ ngwaahịa na-agbanwe agbanwe. Na-eche ebumnuche gọọmentị ihu nke "carbon peak" na "nọpụ iche carbon" na asọmpi ahịa dị egwu, ịka nká dị ala na ọgwụgwọ ngwa ngwa bụ ụzọ dị irè isi nweta ume ike dị ala, mmepụta akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na mmepụta nke ọma.

Ihe nkiri mejupụtara PET/AL/PE mere agadi n'ime ụlọ okpomọkụ yana na 40, 50, na 60 ℃. N'ime ụlọ okpomọkụ, ike bee nke ime oyi akwa AL / PE mejupụtara Ọdịdị nọgidere na-eguzosi ike mgbe ịka nká maka 12 h, na ọgwụgwọ bụ isi dechara; na ime ụlọ okpomọkụ, ike bee nke elu oyi akwa PET / AL elu-ihe mgbochi mejupụtara Ọdịdị nọgidere na-mezie kwụsiri ike mgbe ịka nká maka 12 h, na-egosi na elu-ihe mgbochi film ihe ga-emetụta ọgwụgwọ nke polyurethane adhesive; atụnyere ọnọdụ okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ nke 40, 50, na 60 ℃, ọ nweghị ihe dị iche na ọnụego ọgwụgwọ.

E jiri ya tụnyere polyurethane adhesives na-eme ihe mgbaze na ahịa ugbu a, oge ịka nká dị elu na-abụkarị awa 48 ma ọ bụ karịa. Ngwunye polyurethane na ọmụmụ ihe a nwere ike mechaa ọgwụgwọ nke ihe mgbochi dị elu n'ime awa 12 na ụlọ okpomọkụ. Ihe nrapado emepụtara nwere ọrụ nke ọgwụgwọ ngwa ngwa. Okwu mmeghe nke polymer hyperbranched arụrụ n'ụlọ na multifunctional isocyanates na nrapado, n'agbanyeghị nke mpụta oyi akwa mejupụtara Ọdịdị ma ọ bụ n'ime oyi akwa mejupụtara Ọdịdị, na peel ike n'okpuru ụlọ okpomọkụ ọnọdụ adịghị nnọọ iche na ike bee n'okpuru elu okpomọkụ ọnọdụ ịka nká, na-egosi na nke mepụtara nrapado ọ bụghị nanị na-arụ ọrụ nke ngwa ngwa na-arụ ọrụ nke okpomọkụ na-enweghị ngwa ngwa.

2.3 Mmetụta nke ịka nká okpomọkụ na okpomọkụ akara ike The okpomọkụ akara njirimara nke ihe na n'ezie okpomọkụ akara mmetụta na-emetụta ọtụtụ ihe, dị ka okpomọkụ akara ngwá, anụ ahụ na chemical arụmọrụ parameters nke ihe n'onwe ya, okpomọkụ akara oge, okpomọkụ akara mgbali na okpomọkụ akara okpomọkụ, wdg Dị ka n'ezie mkpa na ahụmahụ, a ezi uche okpomọkụ akara usoro na parameters na-ofu, na okpomọkụ akara ike ule nke ihe mejupụtara ihe nkiri mgbe compounding a rụrụ.

Mgbe ihe nkiri ahụ mejupụtara dị nnọọ na igwe, ike mkpuchi okpomọkụ dị ntakịrị, naanị 17 N / (15 mm). N'oge a, nrapado ka amalitela ịgbasi ike na enweghị ike inye ike njikọ zuru oke. Ike a nwalere n'oge a bụ ike mkpuchi okpomọkụ nke ihe nkiri PE; ka oge ịka nká na-abawanye, ike mkpuchi okpomọkụ na-abawanye nke ọma. The okpomọkụ akara ike mgbe ịka nká nke 12 awa bụ ihu ọma otu ihe ahụ na mgbe 24 na 48 awa, na-egosi na curing bụ isi dechara na 12 awa, na-enye zuru ezu bonding maka dị iche iche fim, n'ihi na ụba okpomọkụ akara ike. Site na mgbanwe mgbanwe nke okpomọkụ akara ike dị iche iche okpomọkụ, ọ pụrụ ịhụ na n'okpuru otu ịka nká oge ọnọdụ, ọ dịghị ihe dị iche na okpomọkụ akara ike n'etiti ụlọ okpomọkụ ịka nká na 40, 50, na 60 ℃ ọnọdụ. Ịka nká na ụlọ okpomọkụ nwere ike nweta mmetụta zuru oke nke ịka nká dị elu. Ngwunye nkwakọ ngwaahịa na-agbanwe agbanwe nke ejiri ihe nrapado a mepere emepe nwere ezigbo ike mkpuchi okpomọkụ n'okpuru ọnọdụ ịka nká dị elu.

2.4 Nkwụsi ike nke okpomọkụ nke ihe nkiri a gwọrọ n'oge a na-eji nkwakọ ngwaahịa na-agbanwe agbanwe, a na-achọ mkpuchi okpomọkụ na ime akpa. Na mgbakwunye na nkwụsi ike nke okpomọkụ nke ihe nkiri ahụ n'onwe ya, nkwụsi ike nke okpomọkụ nke ihe nkiri polyurethane a gwọrọ na-ekpebi arụmọrụ na ọdịdị nke ngwaahịa nkwakọ ngwaahịa na-agbanwe agbanwe. Ọmụmụ ihe a na-eji usoro nyocha nke thermal gravimetric (TGA) iji nyochaa nkwụsi ike nke okpomọkụ nke ihe nkiri polyurethane a gwọrọ.

Ihe nkiri polyurethane a gwọrọ nke ọma nwere ọnụọgụ abụọ doro anya na-efu efu na ule nyocha, kwekọrọ na nrụrụ okpomọkụ nke akụkụ siri ike na akụkụ dị nro. Okpomọkụ ire ere nke akụkụ ahụ dị nro dị oke elu, na oke ibu na-amalite ịmalite na 264 Celsius. N'ebe okpomọkụ a, ọ nwere ike izute ọnọdụ okpomọkụ nke usoro nchịkọta ọkụ ọkụ dị nro dị ugbu a, ma nwee ike izute ọnọdụ okpomọkụ nke mmepụta nke nkwakọ ngwaahịa akpaka ma ọ bụ njuputa, ụgbọ njem ogologo oge, na usoro eji eme ihe; okpomọkụ ire ere okpomọkụ nke akụkụ siri ike dị elu, na-eru 347 ° C. Ihe nrapado na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-enweghị okpomọkụ nke mepere emepe nwere ezigbo nkwụsi ike nke okpomọkụ. Ngwakọta asphalt AC-13 nwere slag nchara mụbara site na 2.1%.

3) Mgbe nchara slag ọdịnaya ruru 100%, ya bụ, mgbe otu urughuru size nke 4.75 ka 9.5 mm kpamkpam dochie nzu, ihe fọdụrụnụ kwụsie ike uru nke asphalt ngwakọta bụ 85.6%, nke bụ 0,5% elu karịa nke AC-13 asphalt ngwakọta enweghị ígwè slag; nkewa ike ruru bụ 80.8%, nke bụ 0,5% elu karịa nke AC-13 asphalt ngwakọta na-enweghị ígwè slag. Mgbakwunye nke kwesịrị ekwesị nke nchara slag nwere ike imeziwanye nkwụsi ike fọdụrụnụ na ike nkewa nke AC-13 steel slag asphalt ngwakọta, ma nwee ike melite nkwụsi ike mmiri nke ngwakọta asphalt nke ọma.

1) N'okpuru ọnọdụ eji eme ihe, viscosity mbụ nke nrapado polyurethane na-agbaze nke a kwadebere site na iwebata polymers hyperbranched na multifunctional polyisocyanates dị gburugburu 1500mPa·s, nke nwere ezigbo viscosity; ndụ nke diski nrapado ruru 60 min, nke nwere ike izute oge ọrụ chọrọ nke ụlọ ọrụ nkwakọ ngwaahịa na-agbanwe agbanwe na usoro mmepụta.

2) Enwere ike ịhụ ya site na ike peel na ike mkpuchi okpomọkụ na nrapado a kwadebere nwere ike ịgwọ ngwa ngwa na ụlọ okpomọkụ. Ọ dịghị nnukwu ihe dị iche na ọgwụgwọ ọsọ na ụlọ okpomọkụ na na 40, 50, na 60 ℃, na ọ dịghị nnukwu ihe dị iche na bonding ike. Enwere ike gwọọ nrapado a kpamkpam na-enweghị oke okpomọkụ ma nwee ike ịgwọ ya ngwa ngwa.

3) Nyocha TGA na-egosi na nrapado nwere ezigbo nkwụsi ike nke okpomọkụ ma nwee ike izute ọnọdụ okpomọkụ n'oge mmepụta, njem na ojiji.