Nkwadebe na njirimara nke ụfụfụ polyurethane semi-siri ike maka ihe eji aka ụgbọala rụọ ọrụ nke ọma.
Ihe mgbochi aka dị n'ime ụgbọala bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke taksi ahụ, nke na-arụ ọrụ nke ịkwanye na ịdọpụ ọnụ ụzọ ma tinye aka onye ahụ n'ime ụgbọala ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na ihe mberede emee, mgbe ụgbọala na aka dakọtara, aka dị nro nke polyurethane na PP agbanwere agbanwe (polypropylene), ABS (polyacrylonitrile - butadiene - styrene) na aka plastik siri ike ndị ọzọ, nwere ike inye ezigbo ike na nchekwa, si otú a belata mmerụ ahụ. Aka dị nro nke polyurethane nwere ike inye aka dị mma na udidi elu mara mma, si otú a na-eme ka nkasi obi na ịma mma nke cockpit dịkwuo mma. Ya mere, site na mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ ala na mmezi nke ihe ndị mmadụ chọrọ maka ihe dị n'ime, uru nke ụfụfụ dị nro nke polyurethane na aka ụgbọala na-apụta ìhè nke ukwuu.
E nwere ụdị ihe mgbochi aka dị nro nke polyurethane atọ: ụfụfụ siri ike, ụfụfụ nke onwe ya gbawara agbawa na ụfụfụ siri ike. Elu mpụta nke ihe mgbochi aka dị elu nke nwere akpụkpọ ahụ PVC (polyvinyl chloride), ime ya bụkwa ụfụfụ siri ike nke polyurethane. Nkwado nke ụfụfụ ahụ adịghị ike, ike ya dị obere, njikọ dị n'etiti ụfụfụ ahụ na akpụkpọ ahụ ezughị oke. Ihe mgbochi aka nke onwe ya nwere akpụkpọ ahụ isi ụfụfụ, ọnụ ala dị ala, ogo njikọta dị elu, a na-ejikwa ya nke ukwuu n'ụgbọala azụmahịa, mana ọ siri ike ịtụle ike nke elu na nkasi obi zuru oke. A na-ekpuchi ihe mgbochi aka nke ọkara siri ike na akpụkpọ ahụ PVC, akpụkpọ ahụ na-enye aka na ọdịdị dị mma, ụfụfụ dị n'ime ahụ nwere mmetụta dị mma, iguzogide mmetụta, nnabata ike na iguzogide ịka nká, yabụ a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe n'iji ime ụgbọ ala ndị njem.
N'akwụkwọ a, e mepụtara usoro bụ isi nke ụfụfụ polyurethane semi-rigid maka ihe eji aka ụgbọala, a na-amụkwa mmezi ya na nke a.
Ngalaba nnwale
Isi ihe eji emepụta ihe
Polyether Polyol A (uru hydroxyl 30 ~ 40 mg/g), polymer polyol B (uru hydroxyl 25 ~ 30 mg/g): Wanhua Chemical Group Co., LTD. MDI agbanwere agbanwe [diphenylmethane diisocyanate, w (NCO) bụ 25% ~ 30%], ihe na-akpali akpali, ihe na-ekesa mmiri (Agent 3), ihe na-egbochi ọrịa A: Wanhua Chemical (Beijing) Co., LTD., Maitou, wdg; Ihe na-ekesa mmiri (Agent 1), ihe na-ekesa mmiri (Agent 2): Byke Chemical. Ihe ndị dị n'elu bụ ọkwa ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe. Akpụkpọ PVC: Changshu Ruihua.
Akụrụngwa na ngwa ọrụ bụ isi
Ngwakọta ngwa ngwa nke ụdị Sdf-400, nhazi eletrọniki nke ụdị AR3202CN, ebu aluminom (10cm × 10cm × 1cm, 10cm × 10cm × 5cm), oven ikuku ọkụ eletrik nke ụdị 101-4AB, igwe nrụgide eletrọniki nke ụdị KJ-1065, igwe 501A nke ụdị super thermostat.
Nkwadebe nke usoro bụ isi na ihe atụ
E gosiri usoro nhazi nke ụfụfụ polyurethane siri ike na Tebụl 1.
Nkwadebe nke ihe nlele ule ihe eji arụ ọrụ: a kwadebere polyether (ihe eji arụ ọrụ) dịka usoro nhazi si dị, gwakọta ya na MDI agbanwere n'otu oke, jiri ngwa mkpali dị elu (3000r/min) kpalie ya ruo 3~5s, wee wụsa ya n'ime ebu kwekọrọ na ya ruo ụfụfụ, wee mepee ebu ahụ n'ime oge ụfọdụ iji nweta ihe nlele polyurethane a kpụrụ akpụ nke ọkara siri ike.
Nkwadebe nke ihe nlele maka ule arụmọrụ njikọ: a na-etinye akwa akpụkpọ ahụ PVC n'ime ihe mkpuchi ala nke ebu ahụ, a na-agwakọtakwa polyether na MDI emezigharịrị n'ogo, na-akpali ya site na ngwa mkpali dị elu (3 000 r/min) maka 3 ~ 5 sekọnd, wee wụsa ya n'elu akpụkpọ ahụ, a na-emechi ebu ahụ, a na-akpụkwa ụfụfụ polyurethane nwere akpụkpọ ahụ n'ime oge a kapịrị ọnụ.
Nnwale arụmọrụ
Njirimara igwe: 40%CLD (ike nrụgide) dịka ule ọkọlọtọ ISO-3386 si dị; A na-anwale ike nrụgide na ogologo oge mgbe ezumike dịka ọkọlọtọ ISO-1798 si dị; A na-anwale ike ndọda dịka ọkọlọtọ ISO-8067 si dị. Arụmọrụ njikọ: A na-eji igwe eletrọniki zuru ụwa ọnụ agbatị akpụkpọ ahụ na ụfụfụ ruo 180° dịka ọkọlọtọ nke OEM si dị.
Arụmọrụ ịka nká: Nwalee mfu nke ihe onwunwe igwe na ihe njikọ mgbe awa 24 nke ịka nká gasịrị na 120℃ dịka okpomọkụ ọkọlọtọ nke OEM si dị.
Nsonazụ na mkparịta ụka
Ihe onwunwe igwe
Site na ịgbanwe oke nke polyether polyol A na polymer polyol B na usoro bụ isi, a chọpụtara mmetụta nke ụdị polyether dị iche iche na njirimara mechanical nke ụfụfụ polyurethane ọkara siri ike, dịka egosiri na Tebụl 2.
A pụrụ ịhụ site na nsonaazụ dị na Tebụl nke abụọ na oke nke polyether polyol A na polymer polyol B nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na njirimara igwe nke ụfụfụ polyurethane. Mgbe oke nke polyether polyol A na polymer polyol B na-abawanye, ogologo oge na-abawanye na mgbawa, ike nrụgide na-ebelata ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ, ike nrụgide na ike ndọda na-agbanwe obere. Ayi nke polyurethane molekul bụkarị akụkụ dị nro na akụkụ siri ike, akụkụ dị nro site na polyol na akụkụ siri ike site na njikọ carbamate. N'otu aka, ibu molekul dị iche na uru hydroxyl nke polyol abụọ dị iche, n'aka nke ọzọ, polymer polyol B bụ polyether polyol nke acrylonitrile na styrene gbanwere, a na-emezikwa ike nke akụkụ yinye ahụ n'ihi ịdị adị nke mgbanaka benzene, ebe polymer polyol B nwere obere ihe molekul, nke na-eme ka ụfụfụ ahụ dịkwuo njọ. Mgbe polyether polyol A bụ akụkụ 80 na polymer polyol B bụ akụkụ 10, njirimara igwe zuru oke nke ụfụfụ ahụ ka mma.
Ihe onwunwe njikọta
Dịka ngwaahịa nwere oke nrụgide ugboro ugboro, ihe e ji aka rụọ ga-ebelata nkasi obi nke akụkụ ma ọ bụrụ na ụfụfụ na akpụkpọ ahụ apụta, yabụ ọ dị mkpa ka a rụpụta njikọ nke ụfụfụ polyurethane na akpụkpọ ahụ. Dabere na nyocha dị n'elu, etinyere ihe dị iche iche na-eme ka mmiri dị mmiri mmiri iji nwalee njirimara njikọta nke ụfụfụ na akpụkpọ ahụ. E gosipụtara nsonaazụ ya na Tebụl 3.
Enwere ike ịhụ site na Tebụl 3 na ihe ndị na-ekesa mmiri dị iche iche nwere mmetụta doro anya na ike ịkpụpụ n'etiti ụfụfụ na akpụkpọ ahụ: Mkpọda ụfụfụ na-eme mgbe ejiri ihe mgbakwunye 2, nke nwere ike ịbụ site na imepe oke ụfụfụ ahụ mgbe etinyere ihe mgbakwunye 2; Mgbe ejiri ihe mgbakwunye 1 na 3, ike iwepụ ihe nlele efu ahụ nwere mmụba ụfọdụ, ike iwepụ ihe mgbakwunye 1 dị ihe dị ka 17% karịa nke ihe nlele efu ahụ, ike iwepụ ihe mgbakwunye 3 dịkwa ihe dị ka 25% karịa nke ihe nlele efu ahụ. Ihe dị iche n'etiti ihe mgbakwunye 1 na ihe mgbakwunye 3 bụ isi ihe kpatara ya bụ ọdịiche dị na mmiri mmiri nke ihe mejupụtara dị n'elu. N'ozuzu, iji nyochaa mmiri mmiri nke mmiri na ihe siri ike, akụkụ kọntaktị bụ paramita dị mkpa iji tụọ mmiri mmiri n'elu. Ya mere, a nwalere akụkụ kọntaktị n'etiti ihe mejupụtara na akpụkpọ ahụ mgbe etinyere ihe abụọ ahụ na-ekesa mmiri n'elu, egosiri nsonaazụ ya na Foto 1.
A pụrụ ịhụ site na Foto nke 1 na Angle kọntaktị nke ihe nlele efu bụ nke kachasị ukwuu, nke bụ 27°, Angle kọntaktị nke ihe enyemaka 3 bụkwa nke kacha nta, nke bụ naanị 12°. Nke a na-egosi na iji ihe mgbakwunye 3 nwere ike ime ka mmiri dị na ihe mejupụtara na akpụkpọ ahụ dịkwuo mma, ọ dịkwa mfe ịgbasa n'elu akpụkpọ ahụ, yabụ iji ihe mgbakwunye 3 nwere ike iwepụ akpụkpọ ahụ nke ọma.
Ihe onwunwe ịka nká
A na-etinye ngwaahịa aka n'ime ụgbọala, ugboro ole a na-ekpughe anyanwụ dị elu, arụmọrụ ịka nká bụkwa arụmọrụ ọzọ dị mkpa nke ụfụfụ aka polyurethane semi-siri ike kwesịrị ịtụle. Ya mere, a nwalere arụmọrụ ịka nká nke usoro bụ isi ma mee nnyocha mmezi ahụ, egosiri nsonaazụ ya na Tebụl 4.
Site n'ịtụnyere data dị na Tebụl 4, enwere ike ịchọpụta na njirimara igwe na njirimara njikọ nke usoro bụ isi na-ebelata nke ukwuu mgbe ịka nká okpomọkụ na 120℃: mgbe ịka nká ruo awa 12, mfu nke ihe dị iche iche ma e wezụga njupụta (otu ihe ahụ dị n'okpuru) bụ 13% ~ 16%; Mfu arụmọrụ nke ịka nká awa 24 bụ 23% ~ 26%. A na-egosi na ihe onwunwe ịka nká okpomọkụ nke usoro bụ isi adịghị mma, enwere ike imeziwanye ihe onwunwe ịka nká okpomọkụ nke usoro mbụ site na ịgbakwunye klas A nke antioxidant A na usoro ahụ. N'okpuru otu ọnọdụ nnwale ahụ mgbe etinyere antioxidant A, mfu nke ihe dị iche iche mgbe awa 12 gasịrị bụ 7% ~ 8%, mfu nke ihe dị iche iche mgbe awa 24 gasịrị bụ 13% ~ 16%. Mbelata nke ihe onwunwe igwe bụ isi n'ihi usoro mmeghachi omume yinye nke mmebi njikọ kemịkalụ na radicals free na-arụ ọrụ n'oge usoro ịka nká okpomọkụ, na-ebute mgbanwe ndị bụ isi na nhazi ma ọ bụ ihe onwunwe nke ihe mbụ ahụ. N'otu aka, mbelata arụmọrụ njikọ bụ n'ihi mbelata na njirimara igwe nke ụfụfụ ahụ n'onwe ya, n'aka nke ọzọ, n'ihi na akpụkpọ ahụ PVC nwere ọtụtụ ihe eji eme plastik, plastik na-akwagakwa n'elu n'oge usoro ịka nká oxygen okpomọkụ. Mgbakwunye nke antioxidants nwere ike imeziwanye njirimara ịka nká okpomọkụ ya, ọkachasị n'ihi na antioxidants nwere ike iwepụ radicals efu emepụtara ọhụrụ, gbuo oge ma ọ bụ gbochie usoro oxidation nke polymer, iji nọgide na-enwe njirimara mbụ nke polymer.
Arụmọrụ zuru oke
Dabere na nsonaazụ ndị a dị n'elu, e mepụtara usoro kachasị mma ma nyochaa ihe dị iche iche dị na ya. A tụnyere arụmọrụ nke usoro ahụ na nke ụfụfụ aka polyurethane dị elu. Egosiri nsonaazụ ya na Tebụl 5.
Dịka a pụrụ ịhụ site na Tebụl nke ise, arụmọrụ nke usoro ụfụfụ polyurethane nke ọkara siri ike kacha mma nwere ụfọdụ uru karịa usoro bụ isi na nke izugbe, ọ dịkwa irè karịa, ọ dịkwa mma maka itinye aka dị elu.
Mmechi
Ịgbanwe oke polyether na ịhọrọ ihe na-ekesa mmiri mmiri na ihe na-egbochi ihe nwere ike inye ụfụfụ polyurethane siri ike ezigbo ihe eji arụ ọrụ, ezigbo ihe eji eme ka okpomọkụ dajụọ na ihe ndị ọzọ. Dabere na arụmọrụ dị mma nke ụfụfụ ahụ, enwere ike itinye ngwaahịa ụfụfụ polyurethane siri ike a na ihe nchekwa ụgbọala dịka ihe eji aka na tebụl ngwaọrụ.
Oge ozi: Julaị-25-2024